![]() Suitable snail hosts are absent from many lakes. Not every lake in these areas is troubled, since the cercariae must develop in certain snails before emerging into the water, and the snail hosts are not uniformly distributed. The causative organisms as well as the disease are widespread in the lake regions of the North-Central states and neighboring Canadian provinces. While five or more dermatitis-producing cercariae have been reported in this country three, namely, Cercaria stagnicolae, Cercaria elvae and Cercaria physellae, account for most of the outbreaks. ![]() No other cause for the cases of so-called "swimmer's itch" could be definitely shown. 4 Results and conclusions of these combined investigations which relate to this paper may be summarized briefly as follows:Īll or most of the dermatoses directly ascribable to contact with water while bathing in the areas investigated are caused by the penetration of schistosome cercariae into the skin. ![]() Schistosome dermatitis, commonly called "swimmer's itch" or "water rash," has been most extensively investigated in Wisconsin, 2 Michigan 3 and Manitoba. qPCR is a method used to look for DNA and it is so sensitive that it can even distinguish between different species of schistosomes that cause Swimmers Itch. Since Cort 1 showed that a dermatitis contracted from the water on bathing beaches in northern Michigan was caused by the penetration of certain larval trematodes (schistosome cercariae) into the skin, this disease, schistosome dermatitis, has attracted increasing attention, particularly in the lake regions of the North-Central part of the United States, where tourist trade has been affected. Numerous species of schistosome are capable of causing swimmers itch in Michigan.
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