![]() Islamic ideas became a part of the vast tide of exchange, treading the same path as Hinduism and Buddhism centuries before. From the 8th century onward Muslims from such regions as Gujarat began to increasingly appear in trade and shipping of India. Like countless other political entities of Southeast Asia, the Champa principalities underwent the process of Indianization since the early common era as a result of centuries of socio-economic interaction adopted and introduced cultural and institutional elements of India. The Cham decorated their temples with stone reliefs depicting the gods such as garuda fighting the nāga (12th-13th century CE) She eventually returned to Champa "did many good deeds in helping the sick and the poor" and "a temple was erected in her honor". However in Vietnamese mythology which adopted the goddess after taking over the Champa kingdom her name is Thiên Y A Na and she instead came from a humble peasant home somewhere in the Dai An Mountains, Khánh Hòa Province, spirits assisted her as she traveled to China on a floating log of sandalwood where she married a man of royalty and had two children. According to Cham mythology Lady Po Nagar was born out of sea foam and clouds in the sky. Ĭham folklore includes a creation myth in which the founder of the Cham people was a certain Lady Po Nagar. As they controlled the import/export trade of continental Southeast Asia, they enjoyed a prosperous maritime economy. Population centers were located on the river outlets along the coast. Earliest known records of Cham presence in Indochina date back to the second century CE. The Cham were accomplished Austronesian seafarers, that from centuries populated and soon dominated maritime Southeast Asia. ![]() Mainland Southeast Asia had been populated on land routes by members of the Austroasiatic language family, such as the Mon people and the Khmer people around 5,000 years ago. Patterns, chronology of migration remain debated and it is assumed, that the Cham people, the only Austronesian ethnic group originated from South Asia, arrived later in peninsular Southeast Asia via Borneo. ![]() Historians are now no longer disputing in associating the Sa Huynh culture (1000 BC–200 AD) with the ancestors of the Cham people and other Chamic-speaking groups. With having formed a thalassocracy leaving traces in written sources, they invested the ports at the start of important trade routes linking India, China and Indonesian islands. ![]() Austronesian Chamic peoples might have migrated into present-day Central Vietnam around 3 kya to 2.5 kya (1,000 to 500 BC). The original Cham are therefore the likely heirs of Austronesian navigators from Taiwan and Borneo, whose main activities are commerce, transport and perhaps also piracy. ĭepiction of fighting Cham naval soldier against the Khmer, stone relief at the Bayonįor a long time, researchers believed that the Chams had arrived by sea in the first millennium BC from Sumatra, Borneo and the Malay Peninsula, eventually settling in central modern Vietnam. The Cham people speak the Cham language and the Tsat language (the latter is spoken by the Utsul, a Cham sub-group on China's Hainan Island), the two Chamic languages from the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family. From 2nd century to 1832 the Cham populated Champa, a collection of independent principalities in what is now central and southern Vietnam. The Cham people are largely Muslims in predominantly Buddhist countries of Vietnam and Cambodia. The Chams ( Cham: ꨌꩌ, Čaṃ) or Champa people ( Cham: ꨂꨣꩃ ꨌꩌꨛꨩ, Urang Campa Vietnamese: Người Chăm or Người Chàm Khmer: ជនជាតិចាម, Chônchéatĕ Cham) are an Austronesian ethnic group in Southeast Asia, and indigenous people of Central Vietnam. Minorities of Shi'a Bani Islam and Hinduism (Central Vietnam) Predominantly Sunni Islam (Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand, Southern Vietnam and Hainan, China) Cham women performing a traditional dance in Nha Trang, Vietnam
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